Orchitis – Uroclinic

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Monday to Friday 4.00 PM – 8.00 PM

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Uroclinic : East Patel Nagar

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Mail : myuroclinic@gmail.com
Address : UROCLINIC 25/34, Ground Floor, Govind Lal Sikka Marg, Near Rajendra Place Metro Station (Pillar No. 161), East Patel Nagar New Delhi 110008

Andrology Disease

Orchitis Disease

Orchitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of one or both testicles, typically resulting from an infection. It can cause pain, swelling, and discomfort in the affected testicle(s), and may lead to complications if left untreated. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for orchitis is essential for individuals experiencing this condition and for healthcare providers managing it.

Understanding Orchitis:

Orchitis is inflammation of one or both testicles, often caused by a bacterial or viral infection. It can result in pain, swelling, and tenderness in the affected testicle(s), and may be accompanied by symptoms such as fever, chills, and nausea.

Causes and Risk Factors:

Orchitis is commonly caused by bacterial or viral infections, including:

Bacterial Infections: Orchitis may result from bacterial infections that spread from the urethra, bladder, or prostate gland. Common bacteria implicated in orchitis include those that cause sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as gonorrhea or chlamydia.
Viral Infections: Viral infections such as mumps virus are a common cause of orchitis, particularly in adolescent and adult males who have not been vaccinated against mumps. Other viruses, including those associated with respiratory or systemic infections, may also lead to orchitis.
Trauma or Injury: Physical trauma or injury to the testicles, such as a direct blow or sports-related injury, can cause inflammation and orchitis.
Autoimmune Disorders: In rare cases, orchitis may occur as a result of autoimmune disorders in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the testicular tissue.

Common Symptoms:

Symptoms of orchitis may include:

Testicular pain and tenderness
Swelling and enlargement of the affected testicle(s)
Redness and warmth in the scrotum
Fever and chills
Nausea and vomiting
Painful urination or ejaculation
Discharge from the penis (in some cases)
General feelings of malaise or fatigue

Diagnosis and Evaluation:

Diagnosis of orchitis typically involves:

Medical History: A urologist will inquire about symptoms, medical history, recent infections, sexual activity, and any recent trauma or injury to the genital area.
Physical Examination: A physical examination may be performed to assess the size, tenderness, and consistency of the testicles, as well as any signs of inflammation or infection in the scrotum.
Laboratory Tests: Urine and blood tests may be ordered to assess for signs of infection (e.g., elevated white blood cell count) and to identify the causative organism (e.g., bacterial culture).
Imaging Studies: In some cases, imaging tests such as scrotal ultrasound may be performed to assess for swelling, inflammation, or structural abnormalities in the testicles.

Treatment and Management:

Treatment for orchitis may include:

Antibiotic Therapy: If orchitis is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotic therapy is typically prescribed to eradicate the infection. Empiric antibiotic treatment may be initiated initially, with adjustments made based on laboratory results and sensitivity testing.
Pain Management: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or pain relievers may be recommended to alleviate testicular pain and discomfort.
Scrotal Support: Wearing supportive underwear or using scrotal support devices may help alleviate pain and reduce swelling.
Rest and Hydration: Resting and staying hydrated can help the body recover from infection and inflammation.
Treatment of Underlying Conditions: If orchitis is secondary to an underlying condition such as a urinary tract infection or sexually transmitted infection, appropriate treatment for the underlying condition is essential.

Complications: Untreated orchitis can lead to complications such as:

Chronic Pain: Persistent inflammation and scarring of the testicular tissue can result in chronic testicular pain.
Infertility: Severe or recurrent orchitis may impair sperm production and fertility, particularly if both testicles are affected.
Abscess Formation: In rare cases, orchitis may progress to abscess formation within the testicle, requiring drainage or surgical intervention.

Prevention: Preventive measures for orchitis include:

Vaccination: Vaccination against mumps virus can prevent orchitis associated with mumps infection. MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine is routinely administered to children and should be considered for adolescents and adults who have not been vaccinated.
Safe Sex Practices: Practicing safe sex, including using condoms and limiting sexual partners, can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections that may lead to orchitis.
Prompt Treatment of Infections: Seeking prompt medical attention and treatment for urinary tract infections or other infections that may spread to the genital area can help prevent orchitis.

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Orchitis Disease

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Treatment and Management:

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